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PD CEN/TR 13445 — Unfired Pressure Vessels Technical Report Series (Examples of Application and Conformance of the EN 13445 Series to ISO 16528)
Unfired Pressure Vessels — Examples of Application and Conformance
⚙️ PD CEN/TR 13445 (corresponding to the CEN/TR 13445 series) is the UK implementation of technical reports prepared by CEN/TC 54 (Unfired pressure vessels), with UK participation by BSI Technical Committee PVE/1 (Pressure Vessels). The series provides examples of application and conformance statements around the EN 13445 pressure vessel standard, helping design, manufacture, and inspection staff apply the rules of each EN 13445 part to specific vessels, and setting out the correspondence between the EN 13445 series and ISO 16528 (international standard for pressure vessels).
💡 The value of an application example is “teaching the rules through an example”: EN 13445 rules are abstract, and CEN/TR 13445 shows, through complete worked examples (vessel data, materials, PED category, loads, calculation and verification), how to apply the code step by step, reducing ambiguity.
1. Series Structure 📌
| Part | Corresponding CEN/TR | Title | Subject |
|---|---|---|---|
| PD CEN/TR 13445-101:2015 | CEN/TR 13445-101:2015 | Part 101: Example of application | Complete vessel application example (data, PED category, material, loads, verification) |
| PD CEN/TR 13445-102:2015 | CEN/TR 13445-102:2015 | Part 102: Example of application of vertical vessel with bracket supports | Vertical vessel with bracket supports example |
| PD CEN/TR 13445-9:2011 | CEN/TR 13445-9:2011 | Part 9: Conformance of the EN 13445 series to ISO 16528 | Conformance mapping of EN 13445 to ISO 16528 |
2. Example of Application (Part 101) 📐
Part 101 provides a complete pressure vessel application example, covering:
- How the example is presented (vessel data, determination of PED 97/23/EC category);
- Excerpts of clauses from EN 13445-1 to EN 13445-5:2009 and other standards;
- Material selection and minimum material requirements;
- Loads, calculation models, and the various strength verification steps.
⚠️ The application example is based on specific vessel data and assumptions and cannot be extrapolated unconditionally. In real engineering, recalculate for the project’s design pressure, temperature, material, loads, and corrosion allowance; the example is only a process reference.
3. Vertical Vessel with Bracket Supports (Part 102) 🏗️
Part 102 gives an application example of a vertical vessel with bracket supports, covering:
- Vessel drawing and calculation model;
- Operating conditions and the operating conditions statement supplied by the user;
- Applicability of EN 13445, warnings and preconditions of Annex A;
- Permissible materials, local loads (brackets), and strength verification.
Bracket supports on vertical vessels introduce local concentrated loads into the shell, requiring verification of openings and local stresses per the relevant EN 13445-3 clauses — a common source of trouble in pressure vessel design.
4. Conformance of EN 13445 to ISO 16528 (Part 9) ✅
Part 9 explains the conformance of the EN 13445 series to ISO 16528, covering:
- Failure mode summary;
- Detailed failure mode check lists (brittle fracture, fatigue, creep rupture, creep — excessive deformations, creep instability, etc.);
- Detailed technical requirements check list.
The report was updated on the basis of the 2009 edition of EN 13445, and the 2011 edition added full details for creep rupture, creep — excessive deformations at mechanical joints or resulting in unacceptable load transfer, and creep instability, providing a mapping basis for mutual recognition between EN 13445 and ISO 16528.
✅ Through item-by-item comparison of failure modes and technical requirements, Part 9 demonstrates that the EN 13445 series meets the core requirements of ISO 16528, supporting the acceptance of European vessels in markets adopting ISO 16528.
5. Engineering Practice Essentials 🛠️
- 🔍 Establish applicability first: before design, judge whether EN 13445 applies to the target vessel and determine the PED category and regulatory requirements.
- 🔧 Materials and loads: determine material, design loads, and corrosion allowance per the example flow, paying particular attention to local loads in bracket-supported vessels.
- 📊 Failure mode coverage: per Part 9, verify failure modes and technical requirements item by item, ensuring the design covers brittle fracture, fatigue, creep, and other key failure modes.
- 📋 Verification records: retain the complete calculation book and verification records for third-party inspection and manufacturing surveillance.
6. Frequently Asked Questions ❓
❓ Q: Is CEN/TR 13445 mandatory?
A: No. It is a technical report providing examples of application and conformance statements for design reference; the product should comply with EN 13445 and applicable regulations (e.g. PED).
A: No. It is a technical report providing examples of application and conformance statements for design reference; the product should comply with EN 13445 and applicable regulations (e.g. PED).
❓ Q: Why pay special attention to vertical bracket-supported vessels?
A: Bracket supports introduce local concentrated loads and additional bending moments into the shell, requiring dedicated verification of openings and local stresses; improper treatment can cause local shell buckling or cracking.
A: Bracket supports introduce local concentrated loads and additional bending moments into the shell, requiring dedicated verification of openings and local stresses; improper treatment can cause local shell buckling or cracking.
❓ Q: Can an application example be copied directly?
A: No. The example is based on specific data and assumptions; real engineering must recalculate for the project’s parameters, and the example is only for understanding the code process.
A: No. The example is based on specific data and assumptions; real engineering must recalculate for the project’s parameters, and the example is only for understanding the code process.
🔍 Q: What does Part 9 do?
A: It compares the failure modes and technical requirements of the EN 13445 series with ISO 16528 item by item, demonstrating conformance and supporting the acceptance and mutual recognition of European pressure vessels internationally.
A: It compares the failure modes and technical requirements of the EN 13445 series with ISO 16528 item by item, demonstrating conformance and supporting the acceptance and mutual recognition of European pressure vessels internationally.