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D5842-23 – Standard Test Method Technical Guide
📋 Scope and Field of Application
The standard practice D5842-23 (API MPMS Chapter 8.4) establishes essential protocols for obtaining, mixing, and handling representative samples of light volatile fuels for volatility measurement. It covers fuels with a dry vapor pressure equivalent (DVPE) range of 13 kPa to 110 kPa (2 psia to 16 psia). The practice is under the jurisdiction of the joint ASTM-API Committee on Hydrocarbon Measurement for Custody Transfer (Subcommittee D02.02/COMQ).
⚠️ Crucial Scope Restriction: As stated in Section 1.3, this practice is not applicable to crude oil. For crude oil sampling, operators must strictly follow D4057 (API MPMS 8.1), D4177 (API MPMS 8.2), or D8009 (API MPMS 8.5).
This practice is fully applicable to reformulated fuels, including those containing oxygenates. It ensures sample integrity from the point of acquisition through transport and laboratory handling for subsequent volatility testing.
⚙️ Sampling Procedures and Equipment
D5842-23 mandates a complete workflow designed to prevent the loss of volatile components. The standard requires that samples be handled and mixed according to Practice D5854 (API MPMS Chapter 8.3), which details specific cooling and agitation procedures to maintain a representative liquid phase for downstream analysis.
| 🟦 Vapor Pressure Parameter | 📏 SI Units (kPa) | 📐 Imperial Units (psia) |
|---|---|---|
| Lower Limit of Practice | 13 kPa | 2 psia |
| Upper Limit of Practice | 110 kPa | 16 psia |
| ⚡ Sampling Application | 🔍 Referenced Standard |
|---|---|
| Manual Sampling (General, not crude) | D4057 / API MPMS 8.1 |
| Automatic Sampling (General, not crude) | D4177 / API MPMS 8.2 |
| Mixing and Handling (Volatile) | D5854 / API MPMS 8.3 |
| Manual Piston Cylinder (Crude/Condensate) | D8009 / API MPMS 8.5 |
📊 Key Measured Properties and Related Standards
The purpose of D5842-23 is to ensure that the sample presented for analysis is representative and has not lost volatile components. The practice is directly linked to vapor pressure measurement standards like D4953 (Dry Method) for gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate blends. For laboratories creating custom test blends, Practice D7717 governs the preparation of volumetric blends of denatured fuel ethanol and gasoline blendstocks.
💡 Unit Precedence: According to Section 1.4, SI units are regarded as the standard. However, specific equipment drawings may show inch-pound measurements where those are customary for the described hardware. Practitioners must verify the correct unit system for their specific instruments.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
🔍 What dry vapor pressure equivalent (DVPE) range does D5842-23 cover?
The practice strictly covers the sampling and handling of fuels with a DVPE range of 13 kPa to 110 kPa (equivalent to 2 psia to 16 psia). Fuels outside this range fall outside the scope of this standard.
💡 How does D5842-23 relate to the other MPMS standards?
Designated as API MPMS Chapter 8.4, this practice focuses specifically on volatility measurement. It relies on D5854 (MPMS 8.3) for mixing and handling and references D4057 (MPMS 8.1) and D4177 (MPMS 8.2) for general sampling procedures not specific to volatile fuels.
⚡ Is D5842-23 suitable for sampling crude oil?
No. Section 1.3 explicitly excludes crude oil from this practice. For crude oil sampling, operators must use D4057 (MPMS 8.1), D4177 (MPMS 8.2), or D8009 (MPMS 8.5) to ensure safety and representative sampling.
📌 Is this standard applicable to reformulated fuels containing ethanol or other oxygenates?
Yes. Section 1.3 explicitly states that this practice is applicable to the sampling, mixing, and handling of reformulated fuels including those containing oxygenates, making it directly applicable to modern gasoline blends.