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D5761-24 – Standard Test Method Technical Guide
📋 Scope and Application
ASTM D5761-24 is a standard practice for the emulsification and suspension of multiphase fluid waste materials. It covers the generation of a uniform mixture from samples that are primarily liquid, facilitating sample preparation, transfer, and analysis. This practice is designed to keep the sample in an emulsified/suspended state long enough to take a single, composite sample representative of the whole. The sample may reform multiple layers after standing, but the emulsified state is maintained for sampling. The practice assumes a representative sample of not more than 1 L has been obtained, and all values are stated in SI units. Users are responsible for establishing appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determining regulatory limitations. The standard, originally approved in 1995, was revised in 2024 under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants.
⚙️ Procedure and Homogenization
The procedure involves adding an emulsifier to the multiphase sample and mixing thoroughly. A satisfactory homogenization is attained when the sample appears to remain as a single phase for 30 seconds or longer. This allows for accurate aliquoting and analysis. The emulsion or suspension generated is suitable only for analytical procedures designed for the total sample and not significantly affected by the emulsifier or the presence of an emulsion/suspension. The emulsifier, as defined in the standard, aids in stabilizing the emulsion.
For consistent homogenization, ensure the emulsifier is well dispersed throughout the sample. Visually confirm the sample remains as a single phase for at least 30 seconds before aliquoting.
| 🟦 Parameter | 📐 Requirement |
|---|---|
| Sample Volume | Not more than 1 L |
| Homogenization Stability | Single phase for ≥ 30 seconds |
| Emulsifier Purpose | Stabilize emulsion of phases |
📊 Definitions and Referenced Documents
Terms used in this practice are defined in Terminology D4175. Specific terms include:
- Emulsifier: A substance which when added to a multiphase mixture aids in the stabilization of an emulsion of the phases.
- Multiphase fluid waste material: A substance or mixture of chemicals that is no longer useful for its original purpose and visibly involves a solid and at least one liquid phase or more than one liquid phase without any solid present.
Referenced documents include:
| 📘 Standard | 🎯 Description |
|---|---|
| ASTM D4057 | Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products |
| ASTM D4175 | Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants |
| ASTM D4177 | Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products |
| EPA SW846 | Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste |
The standard does not purport to address all safety concerns. Users must establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
🔍 What is the maximum sample size for this practice?
The practice assumes a representative sample of not more than 1 L.
💡 How is satisfactory homogenization determined?
Satisfactory homogenization is achieved when the sample appears to remain as a single phase for 30 seconds or longer.