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D564-87 – Standard Test Method Technical Guide
ASTM D564-87 (Reapproved 2023) provides standardized test methods for evaluating liquid paint driers used in paints and related coatings. These driers, typically carboxylates of lead, cobalt, manganese, zinc, iron, calcium, and zirconium as listed in Specification D600, accelerate the drying of oils, paints, inks, and varnishes by catalyzing oxidative polymerization. The standard combines physical tests and chemical analyses to ensure product quality and performance.
📐 Scope and Significance
Section 1 of the standard covers test procedures applied to liquid paint driers in paints and related coatings. Values are stated in SI units. Section 3 emphasizes that driers accelerate drying and that EDTA tests for metallic content are intended for concentrated solutions of single metals to avoid interference from multiple metals.
⚙️ Physical Tests and Sampling
Section 4 outlines physical tests, including sampling in accordance with Practice D3980, which is essential for representative analysis. The standard also references methods for color (D1544), drying time (D1640), and nonvolatile content (D1644) to characterize drier properties.
📊 Test Methods for Metallic Content
The metallic content is critical for drier efficacy. The standard references several EDTA-based test methods for determining specific metals:
| 🟦 Metal | 📏 Standard Method | 🎯 Description |
|---|---|---|
| Cobalt | D2373 | Determination of cobalt in paint driers by EDTA method |
| Lead | D2374 | Lead in paint driers by EDTA method |
| Manganese | D2375 | Manganese in paint driers by EDTA method |
| Calcium or Zinc | D2613 | Calcium or zinc in paint driers by EDTA method |
| Iron | D3804 | Iron in paint driers by EDTA method |
| Zirconium | D3969 | Zirconium in paint driers by EDTA method |
| Cerium | D3970 | Cerium in paint driers by oxidimetric determination |
| Vanadium | D3988 | Vanadium in paint driers by EDTA method |
| Rare Earth Metals (total) | D3989 | Total rare earth metals in paint driers by EDTA method |
Each method ensures accuracy for single-metal solutions. Users should consult the specific standard for detailed procedures.
⚠️ Important Note: The EDTA test methods are intended for concentrated solutions of single metals. The presence of two or more metals may cause interference, requiring alternative analytical approaches.
💡 Practical Tip: Always sample in accordance with Practice D3980 to obtain representative specimens. Proper sampling is crucial for reliable test results.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
🔍 What is the primary purpose of ASTM D564-87?
The standard provides test methods for evaluating liquid paint driers, ensuring they accelerate drying effectively in paints and coatings.
💡 Which metals are used as driers according to this standard?
Typical driers include carboxylates of lead, cobalt, manganese, zinc, iron, calcium, and zirconium, as listed in Specification D600.
⚡ How is metallic content determined in paint driers?
Metallic content is determined using EDTA-based test methods referenced in the standard, such as D2373 for cobalt and D2374 for lead.
📌 What precautions should be taken during testing?
Ensure that samples are handled according to Practice D3980, and be aware that EDTA tests may be affected by the presence of multiple metals.