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D4504-94 – Standard Test Method Technical Guide
ASTM D4504-94 provides guidelines for molded polyethylene open-head pails used in nonhazardous goods shipping. These pails have capacities from 1 to 7 gallons (3.8 to 26.5 L) and feature full-diameter openings for easy access.
📋 Scope and Compliance
This specification covers self-supporting, nonreusable pails. For hazardous materials, refer to 49 CFR 100–199. The standard defines performance requirements and test methods, with design flexibility for suppliers within regulatory limits.
⚙️ Performance Testing Protocols
Pails must undergo rigorous testing to ensure durability. Key tests include drop resistance (ASTM D5276), vibration simulation (ASTM D999), compression loading (ASTM D4577), and environmental stress crack resistance (ASTM D1975). These tests validate the pail’s ability to withstand transportation and handling stresses as outlined in Section 10.
📊 Specifications and Test Methods Overview
The following tables summarize critical specifications and referenced test methods.
| 🟦 Parameter | 📏 Requirement |
|---|---|
| Volume Capacity | 1 to 7 gal (3.8 to 26.5 L) |
| Material | Molded Polyethylene |
| Type | Open-Head, Self-Supporting, Nonreusable |
| 🟦 Test Method | 📏 Purpose | 🎯 Standard Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Drop Test | Evaluate free fall impact resistance | ASTM D5276 |
| Vibration Test | Simulate transport vibrations | ASTM D999 |
| Compression Test | Test stacking load capacity | ASTM D4577 |
| Environmental Stress Crack Test | Assess resistance to cracking | ASTM D1975 |
⚠️ Safety Advisory: Users must establish safety practices as the standard does not cover all hazards.
✅ Regulatory Note: For hazardous goods, compliance with 49 CFR 100–199 is mandatory.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
🔍 What is the exact capacity range?
Pails are designed for 1 to 7 gallons (3.8 to 26.5 L).
💡 Can these pails be reused?
No, they are intended for single use only.
⚡ Which test is most critical for shipping?
The drop test (ASTM D5276) is essential for evaluating handling impact.
📌 Are SI units accepted?
Inch-pound units are standard; SI values are for reference only.