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D4193-08 – Standard Test Method Technical Guide
The ASTM D4193-08 standard, reapproved in 2020, provides a quantitative colorimetric test method for determining dissolved thiocyanate in water, waste water, and saline water. This method is widely used for environmental monitoring and industrial effluent analysis to ensure compliance with water quality standards.
🧪 Scope and Application
This test method is designed for laboratory measurement of thiocyanate concentrations from 0.1 to 2.0 mg/L. The validated range from interlaboratory studies is 0.07 to 1.42 mg/L, ensuring accuracy across various applications. For samples exceeding this range, dilution with reagent water is recommended to bring the concentration within the method’s scope.
The method has been validated on multiple matrices, including reagent water Type II, natural waters, laboratory effluent, steel mill effluent, and treated sanitary effluents. Users should conduct their own validation for non-tested matrices to ensure reliability.
📊 Validation and Performance Data
A collaborative validation study involving nine laboratories tested thiocyanate at four concentration levels. The precision and bias were assessed using Practice D2777. The table below summarizes the key parameters from the validation.
| 🟦 Parameter | 📏 Scope Range | 📐 Validation Range | 🎯 Validation Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thiocyanate Concentration | 0.1 to 2.0 mg/L | 0.07 to 1.42 mg/L | Validated at nine laboratories |
| Water Matrices Tested | Reagent water, natural waters, effluents | 7 natural waters, 1 lab effluent, 1 steel mill effluent, 2 treated sanitary effluents | Single and multiple laboratory validation |
| Validation Levels | N/A | Four levels | Conducted per D2777 |
⚖️ Quality Control and Referenced Standards
This standard incorporates several ASTM practices to ensure quality and consistency. Key references include D2777 for precision and bias, D5847 for writing quality control specifications, and D3856 for laboratory management systems. Sampling must follow D3370 and D1192, while sample preservation is covered by D7365. The use of reagent water is defined in D1193.
| 📏 Standard | 🎯 Application |
|---|---|
| D2777 | Precision and Bias Determination |
| D5847 | Quality Control Specifications |
| D3856 | Laboratory Management Systems |
| D7365 | Sample Preservation and Interference Mitigation |
Adherence to these standards is critical for obtaining reliable and reproducible results in thiocyanate analysis.
⚠️ Safety Note: This standard does not address all safety concerns. Users must establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices before use. Refer to Section 9 for specific hazard statements related to thiocyanate test methods.
💡 Application Tip: For thiocyanate concentrations above the validated range, dilute the sample with reagent water and ensure the diluted sample falls within 0.1 to 2.0 mg/L for accurate colorimetric analysis. Always use freshly prepared reagents for optimal performance.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
🔍 What is the detection limit for thiocyanate in this test method?
The test method covers dissolved thiocyanate in water from 0.1 to 2.0 mg/L, with a validated range of 0.07 to 1.42 mg/L across multiple laboratories. Individual laboratories may validate lower levels.
💡 In which water matrices has this method been validated?
Validation includes reagent water Type II, 7 natural waters, 1 laboratory effluent, 1 steel mill effluent, and 2 dechlorinated treated sanitary effluents. Users should verify the method for untested matrices.
⚡ How many laboratories participated in the validation study?
The validation study involved nine laboratories testing at four concentration levels, providing robust performance data for thiocyanate analysis in water.
📌 What are the key referenced standards for quality control?
Key references include D2777 for precision and bias, D5847 for QC specifications, D3856 for laboratory management, and D7365 for sample preservation. See Section 2 of the standard for the complete list.