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D4080-15 – Standard Test Method Technical Guide
🧪 Chemical Properties and Purity
ASTM D4080-15 defines specifications for trichloroethylene used in technical and vapor degreasing applications. The solvent must meet precise criteria for color, nonvolatile matter, and specific gravity as prescribed in Table 1. These properties ensure consistent performance in degreasing operations, with test methods referenced in Section 2.1 of the standard. Additional guidance is available in Guide D3844 for labeling and MNL22 for vapor degreasing practices.
| 🟦 Property | 📏 Requirement (Table 1) | 📐 Test Method |
|---|---|---|
| Color (Pt-Co scale) | ≤15 | D2108 |
| Nonvolatile Matter | ≤10 mg/kg | D2109 |
| Specific Gravity at 25 °C | 1.456–1.466 | D2111 |
| Water Content | ≤100 mg/kg | D3401 |
| Acidity (as HCl) | ≤10 mg/kg | D2989 |
💡 Tip: Always consult Table 1 of D4080-15 for the full list of requirements and tolerances. Use Practice D6806 for detailed analysis by gas chromatography.
📦 Packaging and Regulatory Compliance
Per Section 4, industrial and commercial quantities must be packaged and labeled according to DOT regulations in 49 CFR 100–199, OSHA hazard communication rules in 29 CFR 1910.1200, and applicable state and local laws. This ensures safe transport and handling of trichloroethylene. Practice D4276 offers additional confined area entry guidance, emphasizing ventilation and protective measures.
Labels should follow Guide D3844 (withdrawn 2013 but still referenced for historical context) to communicate hazards effectively. Proper packaging minimizes risks during storage and use.
📊 Key Specification Requirements
The standard mandates rigorous testing for critical parameters beyond basic properties. Table 1 also includes stability and purity indicators essential for vapor degreasing quality. Below are additional requirements from the referenced test methods:
| 🟦 Parameter | 🎯 Requirement (Table 1) | ⚡ Test Method |
|---|---|---|
| Total Acid Acceptance | ≥0.05 % (as NaOH) | D2942 |
| Water-Soluble Halide Ion | ≤20 mg/kg | D2988 |
| Appearance | Clear, free of suspended matter | D3741 |
⚠️ Warning: Trichloroethylene is a hazardous solvent. Always use engineered controls per 29 CFR 1910.1200 and monitor air quality during vapor degreasing. Refer to MNL22 for safe operating practices.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
🔍 What is the scope of ASTM D4080-15?
This specification covers technical and vapor degreasing grades of trichloroethylene, outlining purity, packaging, and regulatory compliance requirements. It is issued under designation D4080 with 2020 reapproval.
💡 Which test methods are used to verify properties?
Key test methods include D2108 (color), D2109 (nonvolatile matter), D2111 (specific gravity), D3401 (water content), and D2989 (acidity). All must conform to Table 1 limits for conformity.
⚡ How must trichloroethylene be packaged?
Per Section 4, packaging must meet DOT requirements in 49 CFR 100–199 and OSHA hazard communication standards in 29 CFR 1910.1200, ensuring labels and containers comply with federal and local rules.
📌 Why is the 2020 reapproval significant?
The reapproval in 2020 indicates the standard remains relevant without substantive changes, maintaining consistency for regulatory and industry use.