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D3504-96 – Standard Test Method Technical Guide
📐 Scope and Regulatory Compliance
This specification, designated D3504‑96 (Reapproved 2003), outlines the requirements for maleic anhydride. It applies to all specified limits, requiring that observed or calculated values be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right‑hand digit of the specification limit, in accordance with Practice E 29. All materials and processes covered by this standard must also comply with current OSHA regulations and supplier Material Safety Data Sheets.
⚠️ Safety Compliance: Users must consult OSHA regulations (29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and 1910.1200), supplier Material Safety Data Sheets, and all applicable local regulations when handling maleic anhydride to ensure safe handling and usage.
📊 Key Physical Property Specifications
Conformance to D3504 is determined by evaluating the solidification point and molten color of the material against the strict limits shown below.
| 🟦 Property | 📏 Specification Limit | 🔬 ASTM Test Method |
|---|---|---|
| Solidification point, min, °C | 52.5 | D 1493 |
| Molten color, max | 25 | D 3366 |
| Molten color after heating, max | 40 | D 3366 |
💡 Technical Note: Color measurements are performed on the Platinum‑Cobalt (Pt‑Co) scale. The “after heating” test provides essential data on the thermal stability of maleic anhydride under processing conditions, which is critical for many downstream applications.
⚙️ Sampling and Test Methods
Reliable evaluation begins with proper sampling. Per Section 4 of the standard, maleic anhydride must be sampled in accordance with Practice D 3438, which addresses the safe handling and sampling of naphthalene, maleic anhydride, and phthalic anhydride.
The solidification point is rigorously determined using Test Method D 1493. Color is assessed in the molten state using Test Method D 3366, which provides the standardized procedure for measuring platinum‑cobalt color on the specified scale.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
🔍 What is the minimum solidification point required for maleic anhydride?
The specification requires a minimum solidification point of 52.5 °C, determined according to Test Method D 1493.
💡 How is the molten color of maleic anhydride measured?
Color is measured in the molten state using the Platinum‑Cobalt (Pt‑Co) scale per Test Method D 3366. The maximum allowed is 25 initially and 40 after a standard heating period.
⚡ What rounding procedure is specified for determining conformance?
According to Section 1.2, values must be rounded “to the nearest unit” in the last right‑hand digit of the specification limit, following Practice E 29.
📌 Which standard governs the sampling of maleic anhydride?
Sampling must strictly follow Practice D 3438, which is specifically designed for the sampling and handling of naphthalene, maleic anhydride, and phthalic anhydride.