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D2571-95 – Standard Test Method Technical Guide
📋 Scope and Significance
This standard guide, designated as D2571-95, covers the evaluation of gloss or flatted, unpigmented lacquers designed for use on wood substrates. It is intended to be used in conjunction with Test Methods D 333 and includes several methods specifically relevant to lacquer application on wood. The selection of tests must be based on experience and mutual agreement between the producer and user. The guide compiles screening tests for wood furniture coatings, both high gloss and flatted types, as used by the furniture industry. However, results from these tests are not necessarily useful for evaluating performance of all different types of furniture finishing systems. Values are stated in inch-pound units.
🧪 Test Panel Preparation and Methods
Test panels should be regular production finish panels whenever possible. If such panels are not available, the producer and the user must agree on the substrate and the complete finishing system. All test panels should be aged for seven days before testing to ensure complete drying or curing, unless otherwise designated. Nonvolatile matter is tested in accordance with Test Methods D 1644, Method A. The following table lists referenced test methods from the standard.
| 🧪 Test Method | 📏 Standard Reference |
|---|---|
| Temperature-Change Resistance | D 1211 |
| Effect of Household Chemicals | D 1308 |
| Color of Transparent Liquids | D 1544 |
| Nonvolatile Content | D 1644 |
| Print Resistance | D 2091 |
| Plasticizer Migration | D 2199 |
| Adhesion by Tape Test | D 3359 |
| Humid-Dry Cycling | D 3459 |
| Light Exposure | G 23 |
📊 Key Properties and Procedures
Specific test procedures include color testing of liquid lacquer using Test Method D 1544 (Gardner Color Scale) and rubbing properties after air drying for 18 hours and sanding with No. 320 W/D sandpaper. Self-lifting properties are assessed by applying a second coat after the first top-coat has air dried for 1, 6, and 24 hours, and reporting any tendency. The table below summarizes these specific conditions.
| 🧪 Test | 📏 Procedure | ⏱ Timing |
|---|---|---|
| Self-Lifting | Apply second coat after first top-coat | 1, 6, 24 h air dry |
| Rubbing | Sand with No. 320 W/D sandpaper | 18 h air dry |
| Color | Gardner Color Scale | As per D 1544 |
💡 Tip: Ensure test panels are aged for the full seven-day period to achieve reliable and reproducible results.
⚠️ Note: The tests provided in this guide may not be universally applicable to all furniture finishes; collaboration between producer and user is essential for appropriate test selection.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
🔍 What is the scope of ASTM D2571-95?
It covers the evaluation of gloss or flatted, unpigmented lacquers on wood substrates, used in conjunction with Test Methods D 333.
💡 How long should test panels be aged?
Test panels should be aged for seven days before testing to ensure complete dry or cure.
⚡ How is self-lifting tested?
A second coat is applied after the first top-coat has dried for 1, 6, and 24 hours, and any tendency of self-lifting is reported.
📌 What method is used for color testing?
Color is tested using Test Method D 1544, adhering to the Gardner Color Scale.