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D2213-00 – Standard Test Method Technical Guide
📐 Specimen Geometry and Conditioning
The standard test method D2213-00 (Reapproved 2024) specifically addresses the compressibility of sole leather. It is crucial to note that this method does not apply to wet blue leather. The test specimen must be cut using a die into a square measuring 2 in. by 2 in., with a tolerance of ± 1/32 in. (equivalent to 51 mm by 51 mm ± 0.8 mm).
Prior to testing, specimens must be conditioned following the strict guidelines established in Practice D1610. This ensures uniform moisture content and temperature across all test samples, which is critical for reproducible results.
| 🟦 Parameter | 📏 Specification |
|---|---|
| Standard Designation | D2213 – 00 (Reapproved 2024) |
| Material Scope | Sole Leather (Excludes Wet Blue) |
| Specimen Shape & Size | 2 in. × 2 in. ± 1/32 in. (51 mm × 51 mm ± 0.8 mm) |
| Thickness Measurement | Per D1813, at middle of each side, 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) from edge |
| Conditioning Standard | Practice D1610 |
⚙️ Test Procedure and Apparatus
The test is conducted using a press, either hand- or power-driven, with a minimum capacity of 15,000 lbf (67 kN). The apparatus must include two flat steel plates and a force indicator capable of confirming the applied load. A stop watch or equivalent timing device is required to monitor the loading rate.
The applied pressure is 3000 psi ± 100 psi (21 MPa ± 1 MPa), equating to a total load of 12,000 lbf (53 kN) on the standard 4 in² specimen. The rate of load increase must be carefully controlled and must not exceed 200 psi/s (1.4 MPa/s).
💡 Critical Parameter: The loading rate is strictly limited. Exceeding 200 psi/s (1.4 MPa/s) can significantly alter the measured compressibility and render the test results invalid.
📊 Key Measured Properties and Significance
Compressibility is defined as the percentage change in the thickness of the specimen after being subjected to the specified pressure. It is a critical performance indicator directly linked to the wear resistance of sole leather.
To calculate compressibility, the initial thickness (T1) is measured as the average of readings taken at the middle of each side, 0.5 in. from the edge, following Test Method D1813. After the designated compression period, the final thickness (T2) is recorded.
⚠️ Important Note: This standard operates exclusively in inch-pound units. The SI units provided in parentheses are for informational purposes only and should not be considered the standard values.
| ⚡ Parameter | 🎯 Standard Value |
|---|---|
| Applied Pressure | 3000 psi ± 100 psi (21 MPa ± 1 MPa) |
| Total Applied Load | 12,000 lbf (53 kN) |
| Maximum Loading Rate | 200 psi/s (1.4 MPa/s) |
| Required Press Capacity | 15,000 lbf (67 kN) minimum |
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
🔍 What is the scope of this test method?
This test method covers the determination of the compressibility of sole leather. It explicitly does not apply to wet blue.
💡 What is the formal definition of compressibility?
Compressibility is the percentage change in thickness of a specimen on being subjected to a specified pressure for a period of time, calculated from initial and final thickness measurements.
⚡ What are the specific tolerances for the test load?
The press must apply a pressure of 3000 psi ± 100 psi (21 MPa ± 1 MPa), which corresponds to a total load of 12,000 lbf (53 kN) on the standard specimen. The rate of increase must not exceed 200 psi/s (1.4 MPa/s).
📌 How is the initial thickness of the specimen measured?
The initial thickness is measured in accordance with Test Method D1813. Readings are taken at the middle of each side, approximately 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) from the edge, and the values are averaged to determine T1.