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D2130-22 – Standard Test Method Technical Guide
📐 Scope and Applicability of D2130-22
ASTM D2130-22 establishes the standard procedure for determining the average fiber diameter and fiber diameter variation of wool and other animal fibers—including mohair, cashmere, alpaca, and camel’s hair—using a microprojector.
The standard is issued under the fixed designation D2130 and falls under the jurisdiction of ASTM Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Felt. It is important to note that while primarily intended for animal fibers, the method may also be applied to any fiber with a round cross section, such as melt-spun polyamides, polyesters, and glass (see Note 1). However, the density and correction factors provided in Appendix X1 apply exclusively to wool.
⚠️ Important Limitation: While the test method can be used for man-made fibers and other animal fibers, the specific density and correction factors listed in Appendix X1 of D2130-22 are strictly for wool. For accurate density values for other fibers, refer to Table 5 in ASTM D629 (Quantitative Analysis of Textiles).
⚙️ Test Procedure, Units, and Referenced Standards
The core procedure relies entirely on the use of a microprojector to measure fiber width. The standard mandates that values stated in inch-pound units are regarded as the standard, with SI units in parentheses provided for informational purposes only. Proper conditioning of specimens according to Practice D1776 is essential for valid results.
💡 Procedural Note: As defined in Note 2 of the standard, the term “wool” in the procedural sections is intended to also signify mohair, cashmere, alpaca, or camel’s hair.
The standard relies heavily on several other ASTM standards and international methods to define the complete testing framework.
| 🟦 Standard Designation | 📏 Title / Focus | 🎯 Specific Role in D2130-22 |
|---|---|---|
| D2252 | Specification for Fineness of Types of Alpaca | Provides fineness grade specifications for alpaca. |
| D3992 | Specifications for Fineness of Wool Top or Mohair Top | Referenced for grade assignment (Note: Withdrawn 2021). |
| D2816 | Test Method for Cashmere Coarse-Hair Content in Cashmere | Defines test methodology for cashmere coarse hair analysis. |
| D2968 | Test Method for Med and Kemp Fibers in Wool and Other Animal Fibers by Microprojection | Companion method for identifying medullated fibers. |
| D4845 | Terminology Relating to Wool | Primary source for all D13.13 terminology used in the method. |
📊 Key Measured Properties and Fiber Type Applications
D2130-22 is designed to measure two primary properties: average fiber diameter and fiber diameter variation. The table below details the applicability of the method to various fiber types and their specific data requirements.
| 🟦 Fiber Type | 📐 Cross-Section Requirement | ⚡ Data Source for Density |
|---|---|---|
| Wool | Round | Appendix X1 of D2130-22 |
| Mohair, Cashmere, Alpaca, Camel’s Hair | Typically Round | Table 5 of D629 |
| Man-Made (Polyamide, Polyester, Glass) | Round cross section required | Table 5 of D629 |
| Polyacrylics, Regenerated Cellulose | Limited applicability (Note 1) | Table 5 of D629 |
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
🔍 What fibers are specifically covered by ASTM D2130-22?
The standard explicitly covers wool, mohair, cashmere, alpaca, and camel’s hair. It may also be applied to any round cross-section fiber, including specific man-made fibers (Note 1).
💡 What is the primary instrument specified for the test procedure?
D2130-22 specifically requires the use of a microprojector for determining fiber diameter, aligning with international methods such as IWTO-8-66(E).
⚡ Are there specific conditioning requirements for testing?
Yes. The standard