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D2113-14 – Standard Test Method Technical Guide
🪨 Scope and Application of D2113-14
ASTM D2113-14 is the Standard Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling of Rock for Site Exploration. This standard establishes the guidelines, requirements, and procedures for core drilling where the borehole may be vertical, horizontal, or angled. The practice is explicitly written for obtaining data for the design, construction, or maintenance of structures, applying to surface drilling as well as drilling from adits and exploratory tunnels.
The standard covers core drilling in both hard and soft rock. It is critical to note that it does not address geo-environmental site characterization or water quality monitoring device installation, which are covered by separate guides (D5782 and D5783). According to Section 1.5, all values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard, with SI conversions provided for information only.
💡 Professional Judgment: Section 1.6 emphasizes that this standard offers a set of instructions but cannot replace education or experience. Users must seek qualified professionals to determine proper equipment and methods, and the document must be applied with consideration of the project’s unique aspects.
⚙️ Core Drilling Equipment and Procedural Requirements
D2113-14 defines the core drilling process from equipment selection to sample extraction. The practice dictates the use of specific core barrels and drill bits based on the ground conditions. Proper management of drilling fluids, such as bentonitic slurries tested per D4380, is essential to avoid core damage and maintain borehole stability. The standard requires compliance with prevalent regulatory codes, such as OSHA guidelines.
| 🛠️ Equipment Parameter | 📏 Specification from Standard | 🎯 Operational Requirement |
|---|---|---|
| Core Barrel Assembly | Single, Double (Rigid/Swivel), or Triple Tube | Triple tube liners required for maximizing recovery in soft, friable, or weathered rock |
| Drilling Fluid Program | Bentonitic Slurry Density per D4380 | Controlled to prevent core erosion, hydrofracturing, or collapse of the borehole annulus |
| Health and Safety Compliance | OSHA Regulations (Section 1.7) | User must establish safety practices and determine regulatory applicability |
| Borehole Orientation | Vertical, Horizontal, or Angled | Drilling angles dictate specific stabilizer configurations and rod string design |
Safety is paramount under this standard. Section 1.7 mandates that while the standard does not address all safety concerns, users must establish appropriate safety practices and comply with prevalent regulatory codes, such as OSHA (Occupational Health and Safety Administration) guidelines.
📊 Core Recovery, Handling, and Referenced Standards
Preserving the physical integrity of the rock core is a primary objective of D2113-14. The standard directly references key companion standards for these post-extraction procedures. D5079 governs the preservation and transportation of samples. D5434 provides the guide for systematic field logging, which is critical for documenting core recovery, RQD, and fracture data for structural design.
| 📑 Referenced ASTM Standard | 🔍 Role in D2113-14 Workflow | ⚡ Key Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| D653 | Standard Terminology | Establishes a consistent vocabulary for soil, rock, and contained fluids |
| D5079 | Sample Preservation & Transport | Provides specific practices to maintain sample structure and moisture content |
| D5434 | Field Logging | Systematically records subsurface exploration data and core characteristics |
| D4630 | In Situ Permeability Testing | Determines transmissivity and storage coefficient of low-permeability rocks |
⚠️ Regulatory Limitation: Per Section 1.7, this standard does not comprehensively address all safety concerns. The user bears full responsibility for establishing health and safety protocols and determining the applicability of regulatory limitations before the start of drilling operations.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
🔍 What types of boreholes does D2113-14 cover?
The practice covers core drilling and sampling of rock where the borehole could be vertical, horizontal, or angled, used for a variety of site exploration purposes related to structural design.
💡 Is this standard suitable for environmental monitoring well installation?
No. Section 1.4 explicitly excludes geo-environmental characterization and water quality monitoring device installation. Users should consult Guides D5782 and D5783 for those specific applications.
⚡ What unit system is the standard based on?
Section 1.5 specifies that values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. Any SI values provided in parentheses are mathematical conversions and are for informational purposes only.
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