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BS EN ISO 15023 — Plastics Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVAL) Materials Designation System and Specifications Standard Series (Scanned)
Plastics — Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVAL) Materials (2006 Edition)
💧 BS EN ISO 15023 is the foundational standard for poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVAL) materials, developed jointly by ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” and CEN/TC 249 and published in the UK by BSI as a British Standard. The series specifies the designation system and basis for specifications and the preparation of test specimens and determination of properties of PVAL, providing a unified basis for grade identification, procurement specification, quality inspection, and engineering application.
🚨 Some files in this series (BS EN ISO 15023-2:2006) are scanned versions whose text could not be extracted; the related technical content below is written from public-domain knowledge. For specific numerical requirements, refer to the official BSI published version.
1. Series Overview 📌
The BS EN ISO 15023 series comprises two parts, both published by BSI in 2006. Part 1 specifies the designation system and basis for specifications (renumbering BS ISO 15023-1:2001 as BS EN ISO 15023-1:2006); Part 2 specifies preparation of test specimens and determination of properties (a scanned file in this batch’s material). UK participation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/82 (Thermoplastic materials). PVAL is an important water-soluble polymer used in adhesives, films, textile sizing, packaging, and pharmaceuticals.
2. Series Structure and Scope 🧩
The parts and their scopes are shown below (Part 2 is scanned, summarized from domain knowledge). The series applies to PVAL moulding and extrusion materials.
| Standard | Title | Core Content | Text Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| BS EN ISO 15023-1:2006 | Plastics — Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVAL) materials — Part 1: Designation system and basis for specifications | Designation system (grade structure), property classification, and specification data-table basis | Readable |
| BS EN ISO 15023-2:2006 | Plastics — Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVAL) materials — Part 2: Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties | Specimen preparation; determination of viscosity, tensile, and other properties | Scanned |
⚠️ PVAL is a water-soluble polymer; its properties (especially solubility, viscosity, and mechanical performance) depend strongly on degree of polymerization and degree of hydrolysis. The designation system should reflect these key structural features, and they should be verified carefully in procurement and use.
3. Designation System and Basis for Specifications (Part 1) 🔍
BS EN ISO 15023-1 specifies the designation system for PVAL, mainly covering:
- Designation structure: a grade composed of the polymer abbreviation (PVAL) and characteristic items reflecting degree of polymerization, degree of hydrolysis, and viscosity.
- Characteristic coding: coding of characteristics such as degree of polymerization (or molecular weight), degree of hydrolysis (alcoholysis), and viscosity.
- Specification data table: provides the basis for designation, giving values or ranges for each property to enable material specification.
- Relation to properties: characteristic items in the designation correspond to Part 2 test methods, ensuring consistency between designation and actual properties.
4. Specimen Preparation and Property Determination (Part 2) ⚖️
BS EN ISO 15023-2 specifies methods for preparing test specimens and determining properties of PVAL (summarized from public-domain knowledge):
- Specimen preparation: solution casting, injection moulding, and conditioning requirements.
- Viscosity determination: measure the viscosity of PVAL aqueous solution (e.g., viscometric molecular weight), reflecting degree of polymerization.
- Hydrolysis determination: measure residual acetyl content, characterizing degree of alcoholysis (hydrolysis).
- Mechanical properties: tensile strength and elongation at break of films or moulded specimens.
- Other properties: volatiles, ash, solubility, etc.
| Property | Typical Method Basis | Engineering Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Viscosity | Solution viscometry | Molecular weight / degree of polymerization, processability |
| Degree of hydrolysis | Residual acetyl determination | Water solubility, crystallinity, mechanical properties |
| Tensile properties | Film/specimen tensile | Strength, flexibility |
| Solubility | Water solubility test | Water-soluble applications (film, sizing) |
✅ Practical value: PVAL designation (degree of polymerization, hydrolysis) is closely related to its properties (water solubility, viscosity, mechanical performance). Part 1’s designation corresponds to Part 2’s property determination, forming a complete material specification system for material selection and quality control.
5. Engineering Practice 🛠️
- 🔍 Material selection: select a PVAL grade by water solubility, viscosity, film-forming, and mechanical requirements, verifying the designation and property data table.
- 🔧 Dissolution and processing: PVAL dissolves at elevated temperature; control moisture and temperature during film formation, spinning, and extrusion.
- 📊 Incoming inspection: sample-check viscosity, hydrolysis, and volatiles per the designation and specification sheet.
- 📋 Application verification: verify dissolution and mechanical properties for applications such as water-soluble films and adhesives.
6. Applications and Quality Control 🧴
The water solubility of PVAL makes it useful in many fields, and its degree of polymerization and hydrolysis determine the specific use: high-polymerization, high-hydrolysis PVAL is used for high-strength fibres and films; low-hydrolysis PVAL has better water solubility and is used in adhesives, textile sizing, and packaging films; partially hydrolysed PVAL is used in modified products such as poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB). Water-soluble films are widely used in agriculture, packaging, and water-soluble carriers.
- 🎬 Water-soluble films: packaging, agricultural films, and detergent packaging, requiring controllable dissolution.
- 🧵 Textile sizing: warp sizing, requiring matched viscosity and film-forming.
- 🧴 Adhesives and coatings: PVAL as film former and thickener.
- 🏥 Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics: tablet coating, ophthalmic thickening, etc.
For quality control, test each incoming batch for viscosity, degree of hydrolysis, volatiles, ash, and solubility per the Part 1 designation and Part 2 property methods, and compare with the supplier’s property data table. PVAL is highly hygroscopic; store in a sealed, moisture-controlled environment to avoid caking and property change.
7. Frequently Asked Questions ❓
❓ Q: What structural features does PVAL designation mainly reflect?
A: PVAL designation mainly reflects degree of polymerization (molecular weight) and degree of hydrolysis (alcoholysis), which together determine water solubility, viscosity, crystallinity, and mechanical properties.
A: PVAL designation mainly reflects degree of polymerization (molecular weight) and degree of hydrolysis (alcoholysis), which together determine water solubility, viscosity, crystallinity, and mechanical properties.
❓ Q: How does degree of hydrolysis affect PVAL properties?
A: The higher the degree of hydrolysis, the higher the crystallinity and mechanical strength, but the lower the water solubility; low-hydrolysis PVAL has better water solubility and higher flexibility. Choose the appropriate hydrolysis degree by application.
A: The higher the degree of hydrolysis, the higher the crystallinity and mechanical strength, but the lower the water solubility; low-hydrolysis PVAL has better water solubility and higher flexibility. Choose the appropriate hydrolysis degree by application.
❓ Q: How is PVAL viscosity measured?
A: Usually by solution viscometry: dissolve PVAL to a certain concentration and measure the viscosity (or intrinsic viscosity) to characterize molecular weight / degree of polymerization.
A: Usually by solution viscometry: dissolve PVAL to a certain concentration and measure the viscosity (or intrinsic viscosity) to characterize molecular weight / degree of polymerization.
🔍 Q: Part 2 of this series is scanned — how should it be used?
A: The scanned file’s text cannot be extracted; the related technical content here is written from public-domain knowledge. For specific values and clauses, refer to the official BSI published version.
A: The scanned file’s text cannot be extracted; the related technical content here is written from public-domain knowledge. For specific values and clauses, refer to the official BSI published version.