PD ISO/TR 17870 — Ceramic Tiles Guidelines for Installation Standard Series

🧱 PD ISO/TR 17870 is a BSI Published Document series adopting ISO technical reports on the installation of ceramic tiles on walls and floors. The series was prepared by BSI technical committee B/539 (Ceramic tiles and other rigid tiling) and carries ICS 91.100.23 (ceramic tiles). It provides systematic guidance on terminology, exchange of information, substrate requirements, material selection and installation techniques; the 2015 editions extend the guidance to thin ceramic tiles and large panels. It is a widely used reference in tiling practice.

⚠️ Most tiling failures stem from unsuitable substrates, wrong adhesive selection or faulty workmanship. The guidance in the technical reports should be implemented to suit site conditions, with critical operations controlled by experienced installers.

1. Series Structure and Scope 📌

This batch comprises two technical reports covering conventional ceramic tiles and thin ceramic tiles:

Part	Document	Subject	Main Content
Conventional tiling	PD ISO/TR 17870-1:2015 (ISO/TR 17870-1:2015)	Installation of ceramic wall and floor tiles	Terms and definitions, components of ceramic tiling, tiling techniques and operations, characteristics, exchange of information
Thin tiling	PD ISO/TR 17870-2:2015 (ISO/TR 17870-2:2015)	Installation of thin ceramic wall and floor tiles and panels	Components of thin tiling, techniques, substrate and material requirements, workmanship points

💡 The two parts complement each other: Part 1 covers the general workflow for conventional tiles, while Part 2 provides special guidance for thin tiles and large panels requiring high flatness — together they form a complete tiling technical system.

2. Conventional Ceramic Tiling Essentials 🧱

Part 1 systematically describes the key steps of wall and floor tiling:

Components of tiling: the interaction and requirements among substrate, levelling screed, waterproofing, adhesive, jointing material and the tiles themselves.
Exchange of information: owners, designers and contractors should fully communicate on substrate condition, material selection, site conditions and acceptance criteria.
Tiling techniques and operations: adhesive notching, thin-bed/thick-bed methods, joint setting and adjustment, cutting and edge finishing.
Characteristics and quality control: flatness, hollow-sounding area, bond strength and visual quality after installation.

✅ Different substrates — lightweight partitions, renovated old bases, heated floor screeds — require very different adhesives and methods; substrate acceptance and classification before tiling is the first step to reliable bonding.

3. Thin Ceramic Tiles and Large Panels 🧩

Part 2 (thin tiles and panels) sets out specific requirements for the increasingly popular large-format thin tiles and ceramic panels:

Thin tiling components: substrate, levelling, adhesive and reinforcing materials in thin-tile systems.
Flatness requirements: thin panels demand much flatter substrates, with stricter self-levelling or screeding work.
Adhesive selection: high-bond, long-open-time tile adhesives with full-bed (buttering and notching) application are recommended.
Tools and techniques: suction-lift handling, correct trowel selection, vibration and compaction of large panels.

🚨 Thin ceramic panels have low rigidity and can warp; spot or half-bed fixing leads to large hollow areas and even debonding. Thin panels must be laid with sufficient bed coverage, a continuous adhesive layer and compacted edges, with cutting and handling damage strictly controlled.

4. Substrate Preparation and Material Selection 🔧

Stage	Key Requirements	Common Problems	Recommended Action
Substrate acceptance	Flat, sound, no hollows, dust-free	Uneven, weak, oily surfaces	Grind and clean, prime, add levelling layer if needed
Waterproofing	Continuous, reliable in wet areas	Incomplete application	Apply to waterproofing standard and test (flood/shower test)
Adhesive selection	Matched to tile, substrate, environment	Traditional mortar used instead of tile adhesive	Use C1/C2 adhesive per tile and substrate
Jointing material	Matched to joint width, mould resistant	Too deep joints, wrong material	Choose cementitious or resin grout per joint width

5. Engineering Practice Essentials 🛠️

🔍 Site organisation: hold a technical briefing before tiling, defining substrate acceptance, methods and acceptance procedures.
🔧 Process control: control adhesive mixing and open time, notched thickness and bed coverage; witness critical operations.
📊 Quality acceptance: inspect flatness, plumb, hollow area and appearance layer by layer; for thin panels add bed-coverage checks.
📋 Records: keep material certificates, installation records and acceptance data to form a traceable quality file.

6. Frequently Asked Questions ❓

❓ Q: What is the biggest difference between thin panels and conventional tiles?
A: Thin panels are larger, thinner and less rigid, so flatness and bed coverage requirements are far stricter; full-bed fixing with special tools is essential to avoid hollows and warping.

❓ Q: Why can’t cement mortar be used for thin panels?
A: Traditional thick-bed mortar offers insufficient bond strength and accuracy for panels and is prone to shrinkage hollowing; use high-bond, low-shrinkage tile adhesive.

❓ Q: How do I judge whether an adhesive is suitable?
A: Select the adhesive class by tile type (water absorption, size), substrate and environment (e.g., underfloor heating, wet areas), and check the product datasheet parameters and suitability.

🔍 Q: How do these reports relate to product standards such as BS EN ISO 10545?
A: Product standards define tile properties and test methods; this series focuses on the installation stage. Acceptance should consider both tile performance and installation quality.

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